| Archivist: |   Cardinal José Tolentino Calaça de Mendonça (58) (2018.09.01 – 2022.09.26) |
| Archivist: |   Archbishop Jean-Louis Bruguès, O.P. (80) (2012.06.26 – 2018.09.01) |
| Archivist: |   Cardinal Raffaele Farina, S.D.B. (90) (2007.06.25 – 2012.06.09) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Jean-Louis Tauran (2003.11.24 – 2007.06.25) |
| Archivist: |  Cardinal Jorge María Mejía (1998.03.07 – 2003.11.24) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Luigi Poggi (1994.11.29 – 1997.11.25) |
| Archivist: |  Cardinal Antonio María Javierre Ortas, S.D.B. (1988.07.01 – 1992.01.24) |
| Archivist: |  Cardinal Alfons Maria Stickler, S.D.B. (1985.05.27 – 1988.07.01) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Antonio Samorè (1974.01.25 – 1983.02.03) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Eugène-Gabriel-Gervais-Laurent Tisserant (1957.09.14 – 1971.03.27) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Giovanni Mercati (1936.06.18 – 1957.08.23) |
| Archivist: |  Cardinal Franziskus Ehrle, S.J. (1929.04.17 – 1934.03.31) |
| Archivist: |  Cardinal Francis Aidan Gasquet, E.B.C. (1917.11.28 – 1929.04.05) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Francesco di Paola Cassetta (1914.02.14 – 1917) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (1912 – 1913.12.16) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Francesco Salesio Della Volpe (1908.10.26 – 1911.01.26) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Francesco Segna (1896.07.04 – 1908.01.13) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Luigi Galimberti (1894.06.25 – 1896.05.07) |
| Archivist: | Msgr. Luigi Tripepi (later Cardinal) (1892.09.19 – 1894.06.16) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Joseph Hergenröther (1879.06.09 – 1890.10.03) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Jean-Baptiste-François Pitra, O.S.B. (1869.01.19 – 1879.05.12) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Antonio Tosti (1860.01.13 – 1866.03.20) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Angelo Mai (1853.06.27 – 1854.09.09) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Luigi Lambruschini, B. (1834.12.11 – 1853.06.27) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Giuseppe Albani (1830.04.23 – 1834.12.03) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Giulio Maria Della Somaglia (1826.10.01 – 1830.04.02) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Luigi Valenti Gonzaga (1802.01.12 – 1808.12.29) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Francesco Saverio De Zelada (1779.12.15 – 1801.12.19) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Alessandro Albani (1761.08.12 – 1779.12.11) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Domenico Silvio Passionei (1755.01.22 – 1761.07.05) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Angelo Maria Quirini, O.S.B. Cas. (1730.09.04 – 1755.01.06) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Benedetto Pamphili, O.E.S.S.H. (1704.02.26 – 1730.03.22) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Enrico Noris, O.E.S.A. (1700.03.06 – 1704.02.23) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Girolamo Casanate (1693.12.02 – 1700.03.03) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Francesco Lorenzo Brancati di Lauria, O.F.M. Conv. (1681.09.19 – 1693.11.30) |
| Archivist: | Cardinal Flavio Chigi (1659.06.21 – 1681) |
| Pro-Archivist: | Cardinal Luigi Poggi (1992.04.09 – 1994.11.29) |
| Pro-Archivist: | Cardinal Alfons Maria Stickler, S.D.B. (1984.07.09 – 1985.05.27) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Josef Metzler, O.M.I. (1984.05.24 – 1996) |
| Prefect: | Msgr. Martino Giusti (later Archbishop) (1955 – 1984.04) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Angelo Mercati (1925.05.22 – 1955.10) |
| Prefect: | Msgr. Mariano Ugolini (1909.05.29 – 1925.06) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Peter Wenzel (1894.07.28 – 1909.05.24) |
| Prefect: | Archbishop Agostino Ciasca, O.E.S.A. (later Cardinal) (1891.06.13 – 1892.07) |
| Prefect: | Cardinal Joseph Hergenröther (1879.06.09 – 1890.10.03) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Francesco Rosi Bernardini (1877.01.17 – 1879.06) |
| Prefect: | Msgr. Carlo Cristofori (later Cardinal) (1873.04.14 – 1877.01.13) |
| Prefect: | Archbishop Giuseppe Cardoni (1870.06.08 – 1873.04.07) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Augustin Theiner, O.E.S.A. (1855.12.06 – 1870.06) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Marino Marini (later Archbishop) (1815 – 1855) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Carlo Altieri (1809 – 1815) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Callisto Marini (1782 – 1822) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Gaetano Marini (1782 – 1815) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Mario Zampini (1772.03 – 1782) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Giuseppe Garampi (later Cardinal) (1751.07.09 – 1772.01.27) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Filippo Antonio Ronconi (1741.11.07 – 1750) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Pietro Donnino De Pretis (1727.12.04 – 1741) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Giacomo Antonio De Pretis (1712 – 1727) |
| Prefect: | Fr. Tommaso Di Giulio (1691 – 1712) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Prof. Paolo Cherubini (2013.10.08 – 2019.01.15) |
| Vice-Prefect: |  Fr. Marcel Chappin, S.J. (2007.09.29 – 2012) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Fr. Ugo Paoli, O.S.B. Silv. (1997 – 2002) |
| Vice-Prefect: |  Fr. Sergio Pagano, B. (75) (later Bishop) (1995.01.30 – 1997.01.07) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Msgr. Terzo Natalini (1978 – 1994) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Msgr. Hermann Hoberg (1955 – 1978) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Msgr. Martino Giusti (later Archbishop) (1949 – 1955) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Msgr. Pietro Guidi (1920 – 1949) |
| Vice-Prefect: | Fr. Angelo Mercati (1920 – 1925.05.22) |
(x 4)