Cardinals Created by John Paul II (1991)

Priest of Asti (Italy) (1950.09.23 – 1977.11.30)

Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary (1962.06.16 – 1963.06.21)

Chaplain of His Holiness (1963.06.21 – 1977.11.30)

Apostolic Nuncio to Chile (1977.11.30 – 1988.05.23)

Titular Archbishop of Nova Cæsaris (1977.11.30 – 1991.06.28)

Secretary of Council for the Public Affairs of the Church (1988.05.23 – 1989.03.01)

Secretary for Relations with States of Secretariat of State (1989.03.01 – 1990.12.01)

President of Pontifical Commission for Russia (1989.03.01 – 1993.01.15)

President of Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion (1990? – 2008.02.24)

Pro-Secretary of State of Secretariat of State (1990.12.01 – 1991.06.29)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria Nuova (1991.06.28 – 1994.01.10)

Secretary of State of Secretariat of State (1991.06.29 – 2006.09.15)

President of Interdicastery Commission on Particular Churches (1991.06.29 – 2006.09.15)

President of Interdicastery Commission for the Church in Eastern Europe (1991.06.29 – 2006.09.15)

Cardinal Protector of Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy (1991.06.29 – 2006.09.15)

Cardinal-Bishop of Albano (1994.01.10 – 2022.05.27)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria Nuova in commendum (1994.01.10 – 2022.05.27)

Cardinal Vice-Dean of College of Cardinals (2002.11.30 – 2005.04.30)

Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia (2005.04.30 [2005.07.10] – 2019.12.21)

Cardinal Dean of College of Cardinals (2005.04.30 – 2019.12.21)

Priest of Făgăraş şi Alba Iulia of the Romanians (Romania) (1939.03.25 – 1950.07.04)

Titular Bishop of Cæsaropolis (1950.07.04 – 1990.03.14)

Metropolitan of Făgăraş şi Alba Iulia of the Romanians (Romania) (1990.03.14 – 1994.07.04)

President of Episcopal Conference of Romania (1991 – 1994)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Atanasio a Via Tiburtina (1991.06.28 – 2002.05.22)

Priest of Faenza (Italy) (1946.04.20 – 1969.05.24)

Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary (1963.06.21 – 1965.12.21)

Domestic Prelate (1965.12.21 – 1968.03.28)

Prelate of Honour of His Holiness (1968.03.28 – 1969.05.24)

Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine (1969.05.24 – 1973.05.28)

Titular Archbishop of Mauriana (1969.05.24 – 1991.06.28)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Cyprus (1973.05.28 – 1974.04.27)

Apostolic Nuncio to Argentina (1974.04.27 – 1980.12.10)

Apostolic Delegate to United States of America (1980.12.10 – 1984.03.26)

Permanent Observer to Organization of American States (OAS) (1980.12.10 – 1990.04.06)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to United States of America (1984.03.26 – 1990.04.06)

Pro-Prefect of Congregation for Catholic Education (for Seminaries and Educational Institutions) (1990.04.06 – 1991.07.01)

President of Interdicastery Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order (1990.04.06 – 1999.11.15)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria Ausiliatrice in Via Tuscolana (1991.06.28 – 2002.02.26)

Prefect of Congregation for Catholic Education (for Seminaries and Educational Institutions) (1991.07.01 – 1999.11.15)

President of Interdicastery Commission for Equitable Distribution of Priests (1991.07.20 – 1999.11.15)

Patron of Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta (Knights of Malta) (1993.05.08 – 2009.01.10)

Protodeacon of College of Cardinals (1999.01.09 – 2002.02.26)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli (2002.02.26 [2002.05.31] – 2009.01.10)

Priest of Wagga Wagga (Australia) (1949.07.23 – 1970.10.27)

Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary (1956.07.03 – 1968.03.28)

Chaplain of His Holiness (1968.03.28 – 1970.10.27)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to China (1970.10.27 – 1979.03.25)

Titular Archbishop of Amantia (1970.10.27 – 1991.06.28)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Bangladesh (1973.01.31 – 1979.03.25)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Lesotho (1979.03.25 – 1984.11.06)

Apostolic Delegate to Southern Africa (1979.03.25 – 1984.11.06)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Netherlands (1984.11.06 – 1988.03.23)

Substitute for General Affairs of Secretariat of State (1988.03.23 – 1989.12.12)

President of Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity (1989.12.12 – 2001.03.03)

President of Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews (1989.12.12 – 2001.03.03)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata (1991.06.28 – 2002.02.26)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Via Lata pro hac vice Title (2002.02.26 [2003.06.25] – 2021.04.10)

Priest of Annecy (France) (1944.10.28 – 1967.02.11)

Bishop of Gap (France) (1967.02.11 – 1974.06.15)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Albi (France) (1974.06.15 – 1985.04.13)

Archbishop of Marseille (France) (1985.04.13 – 1995.04.22)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Luigi Maria Grignion de Montfort (1991.06.28 – 1995.07.15)

Titular Archbishop of Menefessi (1976.07.08 – 1977.11.11)

Coadjutor Archbishop of Mbandaka–Bikoro (Congo-Kinshasa) (1976.07.08 – 1977.11.11)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Mbandaka–Bikoro (Congo-Kinshasa) (1977.11.11 – 1990.07.07)

Apostolic Administrator of Mbandaka–Bikoro (Congo-Kinshasa) (1990.07.07 – 1991.10.11)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Kinshasa (Congo-Kinshasa) (1990.07.07 – 2007.01.06)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Lucia a Piazza d’Armi (1991.06.28 – 2007.01.06)

President of National Episcopal Conference of Congo (2000 – 2004)

Priest of La Vega (Dominican Republic) (1961.03.18 – 1978.01.16)

Bishop of San Francisco de Macorís (Dominican Republic) (1978.01.16 – 1981.11.15)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) (1981.11.15 – 2016.07.04)

Military Vicar of Dominican Republic (Dominican Republic) (1982.04.04 – 1986.07.21)

President of Dominican Episcopal Conference (1984 – 2002)

Military Ordinary of Dominican Republic (Dominican Republic) (1986.07.21 – 2017.01.02)

First Vice-President of Latin American Episcopal Council (1987 – 1991)

President of Latin American Episcopal Council (1991 – 1995)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Pio X alla Balduina (1991.06.28 – ...)

President of Dominican Episcopal Conference (2009 – 2014.07.04)

Priest of Sorsogon (Philippines) (1946.05.12 – 1968.02.05)

Titular Bishop of Lesvi (1968.02.05 – 1972.12.12)

Auxiliary Bishop of Caceres (Philippines) (1968.02.05 – 1972.12.12)

Coadjutor Bishop of Lucena (Philippines) (1972.12.12 – 1976.09.25)

Bishop of Lucena (Philippines) (1976.09.25 – 1982.01.12)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Nueva Segovia (Philippines) (1982.01.12 – 1986.03.22)

Secretary of Congregation for the Evangelisation of Peoples (1985.10.30 – 1991.06.21)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna (1991.06.28 – 2002.02.26)

President of Pontifical Commission for Preserving the Church’s Patrimony of Art and History (1991.07.01 – 1993)

Prefect of Congregation for Clergy (1991.07.01 – 1996.06.15)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna pro hac vice Title (2002.02.26 [2002.05.12] – 2012.03.09)

Priest of Pavia (Italy) (1944.10.01 – 1982.01.30)

Chaplain of His Holiness (1965.06.13 – 1969.08.04)

Undersecretary of Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship (1969.05.09 – 1975.08.01)

Prelate of Honour of His Holiness (1969.08.04 – 1982.01.30)

Master of Papal Liturgical Celebrations of Office for Pontifical Ceremonies (1970.01.09 – 1982.01.30)

Undersecretary for Divine Worship of Sacred Congregation for Sacraments and Divine Worship (1975.08.01 – 1977.10.21)

Adjunct Secretary for Divine Worship of Sacred Congregation for Sacraments and Divine Worship (1977.10.21 – 1982.01.30)

Secretary of Sacred Congregation for Sacraments and Divine Worship (1982.01.30 – 1984)

Titular Archbishop of Voncaria (1982.01.30 – 1991.06.28)

Secretary of Congregation for Divine Worship (1984 – 1988.06.28)

Secretary of Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments (1988.06.28 – 1989)

Coadjutor President of Fabric of Saint Peter (1989.05.24 – 1991.07.01)

Coadjutor Archpriest of Papal Basilica of Saint Peter (1989.05.24 – 1991.07.01)

President of Permanent Commission for the Protection of Historical and Artistic Monuments of the Holy See (1989.05.24 – 2003.03.08)

Coadjutor Vicar General for the Vatican City State of Roma (Italy) (1991.01.14 – 1991.07.01)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Giovanni Bosco in Via Tuscolana (1991.06.28 – 2002.02.26)

Vicar General for the Vatican City State of Roma (Italy) (1991.07.01 – 2002.04.24)

President of Fabric of Saint Peter (1991.07.01 – 2002.04.24)

Archpriest of Papal Basilica of Saint Peter (1991.07.01 – 2002.04.24)

President of Commission of Cardinals for the Pontifical Shrines of Pompeii, Loreto and Bari (1993 – 1996)

Cardinal-Priest of «Regina Apostolorum» (2002.02.26 [2002.05.26] – 2011.07.24)

Priest of Mercedes (Argentina) (1945.12.22 – 1962.02.03)

Bishop of Nueve de Julio (Argentina) (1962.02.03 – 1968.08.03)

Bishop of Avellaneda (Argentina) (1968.08.03 – 1985.12.18)

General Secretary of Latin American Episcopal Council (1979 – 1983)

President of Latin American Episcopal Council (1983 – 1987)

Metropolitan Archbishop of La Plata (Argentina) (1985.12.18 – 1990.07.10)

President of Episcopal Conference of Argentina (1990 – 1996)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Buenos Aires (Argentina) (1990.07.10 – 1998.02.28)

Ordinary of Argentina of the Eastern Rite (Argentina) (1990.11.20 – 1998.02.28)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria della Salute a Primavalle (1991.06.28 – 1998.02.28)

Priest of Roma (Italy) (1940.02.03 – 1956.06.27)

Papal Master of Ceremonies of Prefecture for Pontifical Ceremonies (1946.02.14 – 1954)

Titular Bishop of Messene (1956.06.27 – 1985.02.16)

Auxiliary Bishop of the Vicariate of Rome of Roma (Italy) (1977.01.06 – 1985.02.16)

Pro-President of Pontifical Council for Health Care Workers (1985.02.16 – 1989.03.01)

Titular Archbishop of Messene (1985.02.16 – 1991.06.28)

President of Pontifical Council for Health Care Workers (1989.03.01 – 1996.10.31)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Spirito in Sassia (1991.06.28 – 2002.02.26)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Spirito in Sassia pro hac vice Title (2002.02.26 [2002.04.07] – 2014.11.22)

Priest of Monterey–Fresno (USA) (1962.05.01 – 1967.10.06)

Priest of Fresno (USA) (1967.10.06 – 1975.01.02)

Titular Bishop of Tamascani (1975.01.02 – 1980.02.15)

Auxiliary Bishop of Fresno (USA) (1975.01.02 – 1980.02.15)

Bishop of Stockton (USA) (1980.02.15 – 1985.07.16)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Los Angeles (USA) (1985.07.16 – 2011.03.01)

Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Quattro Coronati (1991.06.28 – ...)

Member of Council of Cardinals for the Study of Organisational and Economic Problems of the Apostolic See (1991.07.15 – 2011.03.01)

Priest of Morelia (Mexico) (1950.09.23 – 1970.03.21)

Bishop of Tijuana (Mexico) (1970.03.21 – 1982.12.28)

Bishop of Cuernavaca (Mexico) (1982.12.28 – 1987.05.15)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Guadalajara (Mexico) (1987.05.15 – 1993.05.24)

First Vice-President of Latin American Episcopal Council (1991 – 1993)

Cardinal-Priest of Nostra Signora di Guadalupe e S. Filippo Martire in Via Aurelia (1991.06.28 – 1993.05.24)

Assassinated.

Priest of Brooklyn (USA) (1949.06.11 – 1980.02.11)

Prelate of Honour of His Holiness (1976.01.23 – 1980.02.11)

Auxiliary Bishop of Brooklyn (USA) (1980.02.11 – 1983.10.10)

Titular Bishop of Aquæ Albæ in Byzacena (1980.10.04 – 1983.10.10)

Bishop of Pittsburgh (USA) (1983.10.10 – 1988.02.11)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Philadelphia (USA) (1988.02.11 – 2003.07.15)

Cardinal-Priest of SS. Redentore e S. Alfonso in Via Merulana (1991.06.28 – 2012.01.31)

Priest of Milano (Italy) (1947.05.31 – 1984.11.10)

Protonotary Apostolic Supernumerary (1979.04.24 – 1984.11.10)

Titular Bishop of Gaudiaba (1984.11.10 – 1989.01.31)

Auxiliary Bishop of Milano (Italy) (1984.11.10 – 1989.01.31)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Torino (Italy) (1989.01.31 – 1999.06.19)

Vice-President of Episcopal Conference of Italy (1990.05.15 – 1995.05.25)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Cuore di Gesù a Castro Pretorio pro hac vice Title (1991.06.28 – 2011.04.18)

Priest of Down and Connor (Northern Ireland) (1941.06.22 – 1967.05.26)

Bishop of Ardagh (Ireland) (1967.05.26 – 1982.08.24)

Vice-President of Commission of the Bishops’ Conferences of the European Community (1980 – 1983)

Bishop of Down and Connor (Northern Ireland) (1982.08.24 – 1990.11.06)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Armagh (Northern Ireland) (1990.11.06 – 1996.10.01)

President of Irish Episcopal Conference (1990.11.06 – 1996.10.01)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Patrizio (1991.06.28 – 2009.12.31)

Priest of Reggio Emilia (Italy) (1954.12.08 – 1983.05.16)

Titular Bishop of Nepte (1983.05.16 – 1991.01.17)

Auxiliary Bishop of Reggio Emilia–Guastalla (Italy) (1983.05.16 – 1991.01.17)

General Secretary of Episcopal Conference of Italy (1986.06.28 – 1991.03.07)

General Ecclesiastical Assistant of Italian Catholic Action (1989 – 1990)

President of Liturgical Academy (1990 – 1993)

Titular Archbishop of Nepte (1991.01.17 – 1991.06.28)

Pro-Vicar General for the Vicariate of Rome of Roma (Italy) (1991.01.17 – 1991.07.01)

Pro-Archpriest of Papal Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran (1991.01.17 – 1991.07.01)

President of Episcopal Conference of Italy (1991.03.07 – 2007.03.07)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Agnese fuori le mura (1991.06.28 – ...)

Vicar General for the Vicariate of Rome of Roma (Italy) (1991.07.01 – 2008.06.27)

Apostolic Administrator of Ostia (Italy) (1991.07.01 – 2008.06.27)

Archpriest of Papal Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran (1991.07.01 – 2008.06.27)

Grand Chancellor of Pontifical Lateran University (1991.07.01 – 2008.06.27)

President of Peregrinatio ad Petri Sedem (1992.12.29 – 1996.05.02)

Bishop of Nitra (Slovakia) (1990.02.06 – 2005.06.09)

President of Episcopal Conference of Slovakia (1990.04.23 – 1993.05.04)

Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Fabiano e Venanzio a Villa Fiorelli (1991.06.28 – 2015.10.24)

Priest of Sion (Switzerland) (1957.07.07 – 1977.07.22)

Bishop of Sion (Switzerland) (1977.07.22 – 1995.04.01)

President of Conference of Bishops of Switzerland (1983 – 1988)

Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Protomartiri a Via Aurelia Antica (1991.06.28 – 2021.01.07)

Priest of Fulda (Germany) (1960.06.29 – 1991.05.28)

Prelate of Honour of His Holiness (1982.03.08 – 1991.05.28)

Bishop of Berlin (Germany) (1991.05.28 – 1994.06.27)

Cardinal-Priest of S. Giuseppe all’Aurelio (1991.06.28 – 2011.06.30)

Metropolitan Archbishop of Berlin (Germany) (1994.06.27 – 2011.02.24)

Priest of Gorizia e Gradisca (Italy) (1936.04.11 – 1961.10.28)

Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary (1941.10.21 – 1951.10.06)

Domestic Prelate (1951.10.06 – 1961.10.28)

Apostolic Delegate to Eastern Africa (1959.10.03 – 1967.09.09)

Titular Archbishop of Tuscamia (1961.10.28 – 1991.06.28)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Kenya (1965.11 – 1967.09.09)

Apostolic Delegate to Mexico (1967.09.09 – 1970.06.20)

Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Canada (1970.06.20 – 1975.08.12)

Apostolic Nuncio to Germany (1975.08.12 – 1984.08.03)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Eustachio (1991.06.28 – 1993.08.02)

Rector Magnificus of Pontifical Gregorian University (1941.08.05 – 1951)

Pontifical Delegate for Society of Jesus (Jesuits) (1981.10.05 – 1983.09.13)

Cardinal-Deacon of S. Ignazio di Loyola a Campo Marzio (1991.06.28 – 1999.12.17)